{"id":147,"date":"2026-04-10T02:53:12","date_gmt":"2026-04-10T02:53:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/books.gw-project.org\/age-dating-young-groundwater\/chapter\/ch065-xhtml\/"},"modified":"2026-09-02T19:53:05","modified_gmt":"2026-09-02T19:53:05","slug":"box-3-procedure-for-sampling-from-streambeds","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/books.gw-project.org\/age-dating-young-groundwater\/chapter\/box-3-procedure-for-sampling-from-streambeds\/","title":{"raw":"Box\u00a03 Procedure for Sampling from Streambeds","rendered":"Box\u00a03 Procedure for Sampling from Streambeds"},"content":{"raw":"
\r\n
\r\n\r\nIn some cases, groundwater samples are collected from small diameter wells or from piezometers in sandy, permeable streambeds (Figure\u00a0Box\u00a03\u20111). The same general considerations apply as when sampling wells, but streambed piezometer diameters are typically too small to allow use of a submersible pump. In this case, a small inertial pump (i.e., a check valve<\/em>) can be attached to the end of the copper tube using flexible rubber tubing (Figure Box 3-1b). An overflow line is attached to the copper tube (Figure Box 3-1c), which is lowered into the piezometer and used to purge the piezometer and collect the sample water. It is helpful to attach a 3\u2011way valve to the outlet of the overflow tube. One side of the three\u2011way valve can be used to discharge groundwater as it is pumped. The other side of the three\u2011way valve is connected to a syringe, which can be used to apply backpressure on the water sample in the copper tube. Backpressure serves two purposes,\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n
    \r\n \t
  1. forcing the check valve to stay closed while refrigeration clamps are tightened, and<\/li>\r\n \t
  2. increasing pressure on the water sample in the copper tube, which helps to minimize formation of bubbles in samples with high total dissolved gas pressure.<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n
    \r\n\r\n\"\"\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n
    \r\n
    Figure Box\u00a03\u20111<\/strong>\u00a0\u2011<\/strong>\u00a0Noble gas sampling in the streambed of a gaining stream, showing a) piezometer being sampled for noble gases, b) inertial pump (Waterra\u00ae<\/sup> check valve) attached to a copper tube, and c) sampling rig, with inertial pump, copper tube, and overflow tubing with 3-way valve and syringe to apply backpressure on the noble gas sample.<\/blockquote>\r\n<\/div>\r\n
    \r\n\r\nReturn to where text linked to Box\u00a03<\/span><\/a>\u2ba5\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>","rendered":"
    \n
    \n

    In some cases, groundwater samples are collected from small diameter wells or from piezometers in sandy, permeable streambeds (Figure\u00a0Box\u00a03\u20111). The same general considerations apply as when sampling wells, but streambed piezometer diameters are typically too small to allow use of a submersible pump. In this case, a small inertial pump (i.e., a check valve<\/em>) can be attached to the end of the copper tube using flexible rubber tubing (Figure Box 3-1b). An overflow line is attached to the copper tube (Figure Box 3-1c), which is lowered into the piezometer and used to purge the piezometer and collect the sample water. It is helpful to attach a 3\u2011way valve to the outlet of the overflow tube. One side of the three\u2011way valve can be used to discharge groundwater as it is pumped. The other side of the three\u2011way valve is connected to a syringe, which can be used to apply backpressure on the water sample in the copper tube. Backpressure serves two purposes,<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

      \n
    1. forcing the check valve to stay closed while refrigeration clamps are tightened, and<\/li>\n
    2. increasing pressure on the water sample in the copper tube, which helps to minimize formation of bubbles in samples with high total dissolved gas pressure.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      \n

      \"\"<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

      \n

      Figure Box\u00a03\u20111<\/strong>\u00a0\u2011<\/strong>\u00a0Noble gas sampling in the streambed of a gaining stream, showing a) piezometer being sampled for noble gases, b) inertial pump (Waterra\u00ae<\/sup> check valve) attached to a copper tube, and c) sampling rig, with inertial pump, copper tube, and overflow tubing with 3-way valve and syringe to apply backpressure on the noble gas sample.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n

      \n

      Return to where text linked to Box\u00a03<\/span><\/a>\u2ba5<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"menu_order":45,"template":"","meta":{"pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-147","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry"],"part":43,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/books.gw-project.org\/age-dating-young-groundwater\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/147","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/books.gw-project.org\/age-dating-young-groundwater\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/books.gw-project.org\/age-dating-young-groundwater\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/books.gw-project.org\/age-dating-young-groundwater\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/books.gw-project.org\/age-dating-young-groundwater\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/147\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":472,"href":"https:\/\/books.gw-project.org\/age-dating-young-groundwater\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/147\/revisions\/472"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/books.gw-project.org\/age-dating-young-groundwater\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/43"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/books.gw-project.org\/age-dating-young-groundwater\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/147\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/books.gw-project.org\/age-dating-young-groundwater\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=147"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/books.gw-project.org\/age-dating-young-groundwater\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=147"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/books.gw-project.org\/age-dating-young-groundwater\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=147"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/books.gw-project.org\/age-dating-young-groundwater\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=147"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}