{"id":86,"date":"2022-07-13T17:38:32","date_gmt":"2022-07-13T17:38:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/books.gw-project.org\/fluoride-in-groundwater\/chapter\/exercise-4\/"},"modified":"2022-07-18T05:39:41","modified_gmt":"2022-07-18T05:39:41","slug":"exercise-4","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/books.gw-project.org\/fluoride-in-groundwater\/chapter\/exercise-4\/","title":{"raw":"Exercise 4","rendered":"Exercise 4"},"content":{"raw":"<div class=\"exercise-4\">\r\n<p class=\"import-Normal\">Write the dissolution reaction for fluorapatite and the mass action expression for the ion-activity product. If the activities of free Ca<sup class=\"import-GWPsuperscript\">2+<\/sup>\u00a0=\u00a03.895\u00a0\u00d7\u00a010<sup>\u2013<\/sup><sup>5<\/sup>, free PO<sub class=\"import-GWPsubscript\">4<\/sub><sup class=\"import-GWPsuperscript\">3<\/sup><sup class=\"import-GWPsuperscript\">\u2013<\/sup>\u00a0=\u00a03.065\u00a0\u00d7\u00a010<sup class=\"import-GWPsuperscript\">\u2013<\/sup><sup class=\"import-GWPsuperscript\">10<\/sup>, and free F<sup class=\"import-GWPsuperscript\">\u2013<\/sup>\u00a0=\u00a02.009\u00a0\u00d7\u00a010<sup class=\"import-GWPsuperscript\">\u2013<\/sup><sup class=\"import-GWPsuperscript\">4<\/sup>, calculate the saturation index and state whether the solution is undersaturated or oversaturated with respect to fluorapatite. Use log <em class=\"import-GWPCambria\">K<\/em><sub class=\"import-GWPsubscript\"><em><em>fluorapatite<\/em><\/em><\/sub>\u00a0=\u00a0\u201355.1<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"import-Normal\" style=\"text-align: right;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/books.gw-project.org\/fluoride-in-groundwater\/chapter\/solution-exercise-4\/\">Click for solution to Exercise 4<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div>","rendered":"<div class=\"exercise-4\">\n<p class=\"import-Normal\">Write the dissolution reaction for fluorapatite and the mass action expression for the ion-activity product. If the activities of free Ca<sup class=\"import-GWPsuperscript\">2+<\/sup>\u00a0=\u00a03.895\u00a0\u00d7\u00a010<sup>\u2013<\/sup><sup>5<\/sup>, free PO<sub class=\"import-GWPsubscript\">4<\/sub><sup class=\"import-GWPsuperscript\">3<\/sup><sup class=\"import-GWPsuperscript\">\u2013<\/sup>\u00a0=\u00a03.065\u00a0\u00d7\u00a010<sup class=\"import-GWPsuperscript\">\u2013<\/sup><sup class=\"import-GWPsuperscript\">10<\/sup>, and free F<sup class=\"import-GWPsuperscript\">\u2013<\/sup>\u00a0=\u00a02.009\u00a0\u00d7\u00a010<sup class=\"import-GWPsuperscript\">\u2013<\/sup><sup class=\"import-GWPsuperscript\">4<\/sup>, calculate the saturation index and state whether the solution is undersaturated or oversaturated with respect to fluorapatite. Use log <em class=\"import-GWPCambria\">K<\/em><sub class=\"import-GWPsubscript\"><em><em>fluorapatite<\/em><\/em><\/sub>\u00a0=\u00a0\u201355.1<\/p>\n<p class=\"import-Normal\" style=\"text-align: right;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/books.gw-project.org\/fluoride-in-groundwater\/chapter\/solution-exercise-4\/\">Click for solution to Exercise 4<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"menu_order":33,"template":"","meta":{"pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-86","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry"],"part":160,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/books.gw-project.org\/fluoride-in-groundwater\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/86","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/books.gw-project.org\/fluoride-in-groundwater\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/books.gw-project.org\/fluoride-in-groundwater\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/books.gw-project.org\/fluoride-in-groundwater\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/books.gw-project.org\/fluoride-in-groundwater\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/86\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":369,"href":"https:\/\/books.gw-project.org\/fluoride-in-groundwater\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/86\/revisions\/369"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/books.gw-project.org\/fluoride-in-groundwater\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/160"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/books.gw-project.org\/fluoride-in-groundwater\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/86\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/books.gw-project.org\/fluoride-in-groundwater\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=86"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/books.gw-project.org\/fluoride-in-groundwater\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=86"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/books.gw-project.org\/fluoride-in-groundwater\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=86"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/books.gw-project.org\/fluoride-in-groundwater\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=86"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}