{"id":97,"date":"2022-07-13T17:38:33","date_gmt":"2022-07-13T17:38:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/books.gw-project.org\/fluoride-in-groundwater\/chapter\/solution-exercise-5\/"},"modified":"2022-07-18T06:23:35","modified_gmt":"2022-07-18T06:23:35","slug":"solution-exercise-5","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/books.gw-project.org\/fluoride-in-groundwater\/chapter\/solution-exercise-5\/","title":{"raw":"Solution Exercise 5","rendered":"Solution Exercise 5"},"content":{"raw":"<div class=\"solution-exercise-5\">\r\n<p class=\"import-Normal\">If <em class=\"import-GWPCambria\">SI<\/em><sub class=\"import-GWPNormalSub\">calcite<\/sub>\u00a0=\u00a00.36 = log <em>IAP \u2212 <\/em>log\u2061 <em>K<\/em><sub><em>sp<\/em><\/sub> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 and \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 log <em>IAP <\/em><span style=\"font-size: NaNpt; color: #; ; text-decoration: none;\">= <em>SI<\/em> + log\u2061 <em>K<\/em><sub><em>sp<\/em><\/sub><\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"import-Normal\">then, \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 [latex]\\displaystyle 0.36-8.48=\\mathrm{log}\\left ( a_{Ca^{2+}}\\ a_{CO_{3}^{2-}} \\right )=-8.12[\/latex]<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"import-Normal\">and [latex]\\displaystyle \\mathrm{log}\\left ( a_{Ca^{2+}} \\right )=-8.12-\\mathrm{log}\\left ( a_{CO_{3}^{2-}} \\right )=-8.12+4.61=-3.51[\/latex]<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"import-Normal\">hence, [latex]\\displaystyle \\mathrm{log}\\left ( a_{Ca^{2+}} \\right )\\left ( a_{F^{-}} \\right )^{2}=-3.51+2(-3.57)=-10.65[\/latex]<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"import-Normal\">and <em class=\"import-GWPCambria\">SI<\/em><em>\u00a0<\/em><em>=<\/em> \u22120.05 thus fluorite is essentially at solubility equilibrium<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"import-Normal\" style=\"text-align: right;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/books.gw-project.org\/fluoride-in-groundwater\/chapter\/exercise-5\/\">Return to Exercise 5<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div>","rendered":"<div class=\"solution-exercise-5\">\n<p class=\"import-Normal\">If <em class=\"import-GWPCambria\">SI<\/em><sub class=\"import-GWPNormalSub\">calcite<\/sub>\u00a0=\u00a00.36 = log <em>IAP \u2212 <\/em>log\u2061 <em>K<\/em><sub><em>sp<\/em><\/sub> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 and \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 log <em>IAP <\/em><span style=\"font-size: NaNpt; color: #; ; text-decoration: none;\">= <em>SI<\/em> + log\u2061 <em>K<\/em><sub><em>sp<\/em><\/sub><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"import-Normal\">then, \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 [latex]\\displaystyle 0.36-8.48=\\mathrm{log}\\left ( a_{Ca^{2+}}\\ a_{CO_{3}^{2-}} \\right )=-8.12[\/latex]<\/p>\n<p class=\"import-Normal\">and [latex]\\displaystyle \\mathrm{log}\\left ( a_{Ca^{2+}} \\right )=-8.12-\\mathrm{log}\\left ( a_{CO_{3}^{2-}} \\right )=-8.12+4.61=-3.51[\/latex]<\/p>\n<p class=\"import-Normal\">hence, [latex]\\displaystyle \\mathrm{log}\\left ( a_{Ca^{2+}} \\right )\\left ( a_{F^{-}} \\right )^{2}=-3.51+2(-3.57)=-10.65[\/latex]<\/p>\n<p class=\"import-Normal\">and <em class=\"import-GWPCambria\">SI<\/em><em>\u00a0<\/em><em>=<\/em> \u22120.05 thus fluorite is essentially at solubility equilibrium<\/p>\n<p class=\"import-Normal\" style=\"text-align: right;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/books.gw-project.org\/fluoride-in-groundwater\/chapter\/exercise-5\/\">Return to Exercise 5<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"menu_order":44,"template":"","meta":{"pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-97","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry"],"part":172,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/books.gw-project.org\/fluoride-in-groundwater\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/97","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/books.gw-project.org\/fluoride-in-groundwater\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/books.gw-project.org\/fluoride-in-groundwater\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/books.gw-project.org\/fluoride-in-groundwater\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/books.gw-project.org\/fluoride-in-groundwater\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/97\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":374,"href":"https:\/\/books.gw-project.org\/fluoride-in-groundwater\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/97\/revisions\/374"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/books.gw-project.org\/fluoride-in-groundwater\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/172"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/books.gw-project.org\/fluoride-in-groundwater\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/97\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/books.gw-project.org\/fluoride-in-groundwater\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=97"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/books.gw-project.org\/fluoride-in-groundwater\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=97"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/books.gw-project.org\/fluoride-in-groundwater\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=97"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/books.gw-project.org\/fluoride-in-groundwater\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=97"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}