{"id":54,"date":"2021-06-21T21:09:48","date_gmt":"2021-06-21T21:09:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/books.gw-project.org\/septic-system-impacts-on-groundwater-quality\/chapter\/reactions-involving-phosphorus-minerals\/"},"modified":"2021-06-22T22:28:56","modified_gmt":"2021-06-22T22:28:56","slug":"reactions-involving-phosphorus-minerals","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/books.gw-project.org\/septic-system-impacts-on-groundwater-quality\/chapter\/reactions-involving-phosphorus-minerals\/","title":{"raw":"7.2  Reactions involving Phosphorus Minerals","rendered":"7.2  Reactions involving Phosphorus Minerals"},"content":{"raw":"<div class=\"reactions-involving-phosphorus-minerals-\">\r\n<p class=\"import-Normal\">Four reactions involving phosphorus minerals are relevant to the fate of phosphorus in septic system plumes, including precipitation of hydroxyapatite, variscite, strengite and vivianite. These reactions are as follows:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li class=\"import-Normal\">hydroxyapatite precipitation as shown in Equation 22;<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<table style=\"border: none; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"width: 10%;\"><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 80%; text-align: center;\"><em>5Ca<\/em><sup><em>2+<\/em><\/sup><em> + 3HPO<\/em><sub><em>4<\/em><\/sub><sup><em>2<\/em><\/sup><sup><em>-<\/em><\/sup> <em>+ H<\/em><sub><em>2<\/em><\/sub><em>O \u2192 Ca<\/em><sub><em>5 <\/em><\/sub><em>(PO<\/em><sub><em>4<\/em><\/sub><em>)<\/em><sub><em>3<\/em><\/sub><em>OH + 4H<\/em><sup><em>+<\/em><\/sup><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 10%; text-align: right;\">(22)<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li class=\"import-Normal\">variscite precipitation as shown in Equation 23;<a id=\"equation23\"><\/a><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<table style=\"border: none; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"width: 10%;\"><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 80%; text-align: center;\"><em>Al<\/em><sup><em>3+<\/em><\/sup><em> + PO<\/em><sub><em>4<\/em><\/sub><sup><em>3<\/em><\/sup><sup><em>-<\/em><\/sup><em> + 2H<\/em><sub><em>2<\/em><\/sub><em>O \u2192 <\/em><em>AlPO<\/em><sub><em>4<\/em><\/sub><em>\u00b7<\/em><em>2H<\/em><sub><em>2<\/em><\/sub><em>O<\/em><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 10%; text-align: right;\">(23)<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li class=\"import-Normal\">strengite precipitation as shown in Equation 24;<a id=\"equation24\"><\/a><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<table style=\"border: none; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"width: 10%;\"><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 80%; text-align: center;\"><em>Fe<\/em><sup><em>3+<\/em><\/sup><em> + PO<\/em><sub><em>4<\/em><\/sub><sup><em>3<\/em><\/sup><sup><em>-<\/em><\/sup><em> + 2H<\/em><sub><em>2<\/em><\/sub><em>O \u2192 FePO<\/em><sub><em>4<\/em><\/sub><em>\u00b7<\/em><em>2H<\/em><sub><em>2<\/em><\/sub><em>O<\/em><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 10%; text-align: right;\">(24)<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li class=\"import-Normal\">and, vivianite precipitation as shown in Equation 25;<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<table style=\"border: none; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"width: 10%;\"><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 80%; text-align: center;\"><em>3Fe<\/em><sup><em>2+<\/em><\/sup><em> + 2PO<\/em><sub><em>4<\/em><\/sub><sup><em>3<\/em><\/sup><sup><em>-<\/em><\/sup><em> + 8H<\/em><sub><em>2<\/em><\/sub><em>O \u2192 Fe<\/em><sub><em>3<\/em><\/sub><em> (PO<\/em><sub><em>4<\/em><\/sub><em>)<\/em><sub><em>2<\/em><\/sub><em>\u00b7<\/em><em>8H<\/em><sub><em>2<\/em><\/sub><em>O<\/em><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 10%; text-align: right;\">(25)<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<p class=\"import-Normal\">There is a greater assimilation capacity for phosphorus in the unsaturated zone below a septic system at locations where conditions promote the precipitation reactions presented in Equations 22 through 24.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div>","rendered":"<div class=\"reactions-involving-phosphorus-minerals-\">\n<p class=\"import-Normal\">Four reactions involving phosphorus minerals are relevant to the fate of phosphorus in septic system plumes, including precipitation of hydroxyapatite, variscite, strengite and vivianite. These reactions are as follows:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"import-Normal\">hydroxyapatite precipitation as shown in Equation 22;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<table style=\"border: none; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 10%;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 80%; text-align: center;\"><em>5Ca<\/em><sup><em>2+<\/em><\/sup><em> + 3HPO<\/em><sub><em>4<\/em><\/sub><sup><em>2<\/em><\/sup><sup><em>&#8211;<\/em><\/sup> <em>+ H<\/em><sub><em>2<\/em><\/sub><em>O \u2192 Ca<\/em><sub><em>5 <\/em><\/sub><em>(PO<\/em><sub><em>4<\/em><\/sub><em>)<\/em><sub><em>3<\/em><\/sub><em>OH + 4H<\/em><sup><em>+<\/em><\/sup><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 10%; text-align: right;\">(22)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"import-Normal\">variscite precipitation as shown in Equation 23;<a id=\"equation23\"><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<table style=\"border: none; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 10%;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 80%; text-align: center;\"><em>Al<\/em><sup><em>3+<\/em><\/sup><em> + PO<\/em><sub><em>4<\/em><\/sub><sup><em>3<\/em><\/sup><sup><em>&#8211;<\/em><\/sup><em> + 2H<\/em><sub><em>2<\/em><\/sub><em>O \u2192 <\/em><em>AlPO<\/em><sub><em>4<\/em><\/sub><em>\u00b7<\/em><em>2H<\/em><sub><em>2<\/em><\/sub><em>O<\/em><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 10%; text-align: right;\">(23)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"import-Normal\">strengite precipitation as shown in Equation 24;<a id=\"equation24\"><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<table style=\"border: none; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 10%;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 80%; text-align: center;\"><em>Fe<\/em><sup><em>3+<\/em><\/sup><em> + PO<\/em><sub><em>4<\/em><\/sub><sup><em>3<\/em><\/sup><sup><em>&#8211;<\/em><\/sup><em> + 2H<\/em><sub><em>2<\/em><\/sub><em>O \u2192 FePO<\/em><sub><em>4<\/em><\/sub><em>\u00b7<\/em><em>2H<\/em><sub><em>2<\/em><\/sub><em>O<\/em><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 10%; text-align: right;\">(24)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"import-Normal\">and, vivianite precipitation as shown in Equation 25;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<table style=\"border: none; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 10%;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 80%; text-align: center;\"><em>3Fe<\/em><sup><em>2+<\/em><\/sup><em> + 2PO<\/em><sub><em>4<\/em><\/sub><sup><em>3<\/em><\/sup><sup><em>&#8211;<\/em><\/sup><em> + 8H<\/em><sub><em>2<\/em><\/sub><em>O \u2192 Fe<\/em><sub><em>3<\/em><\/sub><em> (PO<\/em><sub><em>4<\/em><\/sub><em>)<\/em><sub><em>2<\/em><\/sub><em>\u00b7<\/em><em>8H<\/em><sub><em>2<\/em><\/sub><em>O<\/em><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 10%; text-align: right;\">(25)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p class=\"import-Normal\">There is a greater assimilation capacity for phosphorus in the unsaturated zone below a septic system at locations where conditions promote the precipitation reactions presented in Equations 22 through 24.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"menu_order":10,"template":"","meta":{"pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-54","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry"],"part":149,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/books.gw-project.org\/septic-system-impacts-on-groundwater-quality\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/54","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/books.gw-project.org\/septic-system-impacts-on-groundwater-quality\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/books.gw-project.org\/septic-system-impacts-on-groundwater-quality\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/books.gw-project.org\/septic-system-impacts-on-groundwater-quality\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/books.gw-project.org\/septic-system-impacts-on-groundwater-quality\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/54\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":245,"href":"https:\/\/books.gw-project.org\/septic-system-impacts-on-groundwater-quality\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/54\/revisions\/245"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/books.gw-project.org\/septic-system-impacts-on-groundwater-quality\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/149"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/books.gw-project.org\/septic-system-impacts-on-groundwater-quality\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/54\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/books.gw-project.org\/septic-system-impacts-on-groundwater-quality\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=54"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/books.gw-project.org\/septic-system-impacts-on-groundwater-quality\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=54"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/books.gw-project.org\/septic-system-impacts-on-groundwater-quality\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=54"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/books.gw-project.org\/septic-system-impacts-on-groundwater-quality\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=54"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}