| C |
solute concentration (M/L3) |
| c and cs |
specific heat capacities of the groundwater and rock, respectively (ML2/(T2Θ)) |
| C0 |
initial concentration of the groundwater (M/L3) |
| Ci |
concentration species i (M/L3) |
| Ci,0 |
reference concentration of species i (M/L3) |
| cP |
volumetric heat capacity (M/(LT2Θ)) |
| Css |
concentration associated with a source (M/L3) |
| D |
diffusion coefficient (L2/T); for solutes, D=DC the molecular diffusion coefficient; for heat, D=DT the thermal diffusion coefficient |
 |
solute dispersion tensor (L2/T) which includes the effect of both molecular diffusion and mechanical dispersion |
| DC |
solute diffusion coefficient in the bulk medium which is decreased from the diffusion coefficient in open water by the factors of connected porosity (n) and tortuosity (τ) (L2/T) |
| ΔC |
concentration difference (M/L3) |
| Δρ |
density difference (M/L3) |
| ∆T |
temperature difference (Θ) |
| DT |
thermal diffusivity (L2/T) |
 |
dispersion tensor which includes the combined effects of thermal conduction and mechanical dispersion (L2/T) |
| g |
gravitational acceleration (L/T2) |
 |
gravitational acceleration vector (L/T2) |
| H |
thickness of the layer (L) |
| hp |
pressure head (L) |
| hp,i |
pressure head for a piezometer at location i containing a fluid column with density ρi (L) |
 |
solute mass flux (M/(L2T)) |
 |
heat flux (M/T3) |
| k |
intrinsic permeability (L2) |
| Kd |
distribution coefficient (L3/M) |
| kT |
thermal conductivity (ML/(T3Θ)) |
| μ |
dynamic viscosity (M/(LT)) |
| n |
porosity (dimensionless) |
| ∇ |
gradient operator which represents the rate of change of a variable per unit of distance in the x, y and z direction |
| NS |
total number of solutes that contribute to the fluid density |
| p |
pressure (M/(LT2)) |
| p0 |
initial fluid pressure (M/(LT2)) |
 |
slope of the density-concentration relationship for species i |
 |
specific discharge (L/T) |
| Qh |
heat flow across the source boundary (M/T3) |
| Qm |
mass flux across the source boundary (M/(TL2)) |
| qss |
discharge rate per unit of volume of water source, or sink (1/T) |
| ρ |
groundwater density (M/L3) |
| ρ0 |
density of the fluid at initial concentration, temperature and pressure (M/L3) |
| ρb |
dry bulk density of the rock (M/L3) |
| ρr |
density of the rock (M/L3) |
| ρss |
density of water source, or sink (M/L3) |
| t |
time (T) |
| T |
temperature (Θ) |
| T0 |
initial temperature of the groundwater (Θ) |
| Tss |
temperature associated with a source (Θ) |
| z |
elevation relative to a datum (L) |
